In a dry, nonstick pan over medium heat, toast the almonds until dark brown and fragrant. Remove and set aside to cool.
Add 1 Tbsp olive oil to the same pan. working in batches, fry the prosciutto until crisp and golden brown. Set each piece onto paper towel to drain and cool, add more olive oil as needed.
Once all the prosciutto is done cooking, add a couple more tbsp olive oil to the pan, add the chopped garlic and whole cloves, and remove from the heat. Allow to come down in temperature for a few minutes before transferring to a heat safe bowl and putting in the fridge to finish cooling.
In a small bowl whisk together the mayonnaise, vinegar, dijon mustard, honey, cinnamon and nutmeg. Once the olive oil has cooled to around room temperature, discard the cloves and whisk the oil and garlic into the dressing until uniform. Season with salt and pepper to taste.
In a large bowl add the arugula, shaved fennel, crumbled cheese, and toasted almonds. Crumble the prosciutto and add it as well, and toss together with just enough of the vinaigrette to coat the greens but not so much that it pools in the bottom of your bowl. Serve and enjoy!